One of the key things that we teach salespeople is that your job in
sales is to understand what it is that people do, and then to help them
do it better. For only by understanding what people do; how they do it,
why they do it that way, when they do it, and who they do it with, can
you be in a position to really help them and show them what will make
sense to them. Notice that the emphasis here is on the prospect: what
makes sense to THEM. It's not about what makes sense to you, or what
you would like to sell them. Notice also that we're not talking about
asking prospects about their "needs," "problems," or "pain."
As D.E.I. Management Group President and author, Steve Schiffman says in his book "The 250 Sales Questions to Close the Deal:"
What if I ask the person to describe pressing business problems that he
or she will face in the future? What if I build my proposal around those
business issues? I might get a decent picture of what is going on in
that person's world, but I will not get the whole picture. Even if you
discover everything about the person's pains, needs, and problems, you
will have only learned about certain parts of their situation - the
parts that are currently causing pain and problems. You won't be
getting the whole picture. What about the rest of your contact's
situation - the things that don't fit in the categories of pain, needs,
or problems? What's going on there? If I only ask about "needs," I don't
know - and if you've only been asking the types of questions mentioned
above, neither do you.
Let's explore this a bit more deeply. People will only make a decision
to do something if it makes sense to them. I think that's something we
can all agree on. So how do we know what will make sense to someone we
meet for the first time, or whom we don't know all that well? That
comes through asking questions and in taking a genuine interest in the
people we meet with.
Many of us in sales were taught, at one time or another, that we need to
be good listeners, and that we need to show we care by asking
questions. Yet how many of us really do a good job at that? We are
excited about our products and services - we want to jump right in and
show our prospect that we have the fix for whatever ails them. We need
to learn to fight that urge to "throw-up" on the prospect with our
solution to their problem - for if we do this too soon in the process
we're really just guessing at what makes the most sense to them.
An understanding of basic human motivation will help you ask better
questions to arrive at the ultimate plan that will make sense to your
prospect. As human beings, we are all drive by two primary motivating
factors; the desire to avoid pain, or the desire to gain something. Or,
to put it another way - we either want to fix something that isn't
working, or we want to create a better future.
Consultant and author Mahan Khalsa in his book "Let's Get Real or Let's Not Play" says it well:
People who are trying to "move away from pain" will interpret issues as
pain and may give us a list a problems, frustrations, and
dissatisfaction. They may even use physical or emotional pain phrases
like: "It's killing us", "We're bleeding", "It's a pain in the neck",
"It's a real headache", It's a nightmare", "It's like pulling teeth".
People who are "moving toward gain" will interpret issues as results
(i.e., objectives, goals, and outcomes). They may use phrases like"
"What we'd like to see.," "What we think is possible.," "Our vision
is.," "What we're excited about is.," "Our end in mind is.," "We'd like
to create.," etc. Their language will give us some hints about where
they would like to start. We'll just need to be aware of the language.
Our job in asking questions then, is to listen to what our prospect says
and determine which mode they are operating in - listen to their
language, and then ask more questions to find out more about their
unique situation. In doing this, you will want to ask questions that
relate to the past, the present, and the future. Asking about the past
will help you determine what problems they may be dealing with that they
want to fix. Asking about the present will focus in their present
situation and the current "status quo". Future based questions will
give you a sense of what goals and outcomes they hope to accomplish.
All of these areas are important to gain a full sense of what will makes
sense to the person and of what will lead them to buy.
Every conversation is unique. You need to focus on what your contact is
telling you and then follow-up with a logical question to dig deeper.
Each question you ask should follow from the question and answer before
it. For example, suppose you are speaking with someone and she tells
you that her company plans to open 5 new locations in the next year.
What will your next question be? Here are some possibilities:
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